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Honoré Daumier

Paintings

The Imaginary Illness

The Print Collector

The Third-Class Carriage

Bathing young girls

Crispin and Scapin

The artist in front of Notre-Dame

The engraving dealer

The Print Collector

The reader

The painter

The painter at the ease

The Miller , His Son And The Donkey

The family on the barricade

The refugees

The Night Walkers

School's out

The Presentation

The laundress

Don Quixote and Sancho Panza

Three lawyers in conversation

Ecce homo

A young artist receives advice

Return from the market

In the street

Reading lawyer

Girl and child

Mary Magdalene

Melodrama

Mother with child

Horse drawn

Pierrot with a Guitar

Rest of jugglers

Sancho Panza and Don Quixote in the Mountain

Chess players

Scene from a comedy by Molière

Third-class carriage

Two lawyers

Drawings


Turmoil

The Collector

The Butcher

The refugees

The art connoisseur

The art lover

Don Quixote and Sancho Panza

Circus Clowns

Two Lawyers

Two Lawyers

Illustrations

» Get hourly wage ? "

"Your process is underway. "

You have lost ...

"If it would not only twelve thefts ! "

"What you have for living in the time in question ?

Its all there , just not advance payment

Ascent and descent of justice

I'm sorry , I 'm in the club against begging.

Complaint

Drunk

Beggar

View from the basement to the upper world

The last bath

The plea

The Party

The Charity Committee

The accused has the word !

The lawyer pin

The chief dines

The potential client

The police spy

The prosecutor

The pride of his parents

The Chairman

The eternal load

The opposing lawyers

The gentlemen of the jury

The victims of the revolution

The press to my plea

The church militant

Divorce

Ice

Lost only in two instances ...

Free ride to the brave !

Tit for tat

Witness ...

Mens Baths

Among colleagues

High Court !

I still have fifteen cents.

I have yet to see anyone die of hunger !

I accpet only childless tenants

Your adultery? ...

Safe

The smaller the practice , the wilder the practice

Do not worry ...

Forensic students

The lawyer

You drink because you're bored

Ladies and gentlemen ...

With 87 years in exceptional court

Charity

Only the liquor keeps the people together

Pst!

Rue Transnonain

You have lost your process ...

Social contradictions

And she inevitably rises !

Delivery of the judgment

Public Baths

Soup Kitchen

Betrayed by his wife ...

What's fellow man here? This is my house man!

Predicament


Honoré Daumier (February 26, 1808 – February 10, 1879) was a French printmaker, caricaturist, painter, and sculptor, whose many works offer commentary on social and political life in France in the 19th century.

A prolific draftsman who produced over 4000 lithographs, he was perhaps best known for his caricatures of political figures and satires on the behavior of his countrymen, although posthumously the value of his painting has also been recognized.[1]

Life

Daumier was born in Marseille to Jean-Baptiste Louis Daumier and Cécile Catherine Philippe. His father Jean-Baptiste was a glazier whose literary aspirations led him to move to Paris in 1814, seeking to be published as a poet.[2] In 1816 the young Daumier and his mother followed Jean-Baptiste to Paris. Daumier showed in his youth an irresistible inclination towards the artistic profession, which his father vainly tried to check by placing him first with a huissier, for whom he was employed as an errand boy, and later, with a bookseller. In 1822 he became protégé to Alexandre Lenoir, a friend of Daumier's father who was an artist and archaeologist. The following year Daumier entered the Académie Suisse. He also worked for a lithographer and publisher named Belliard, and made his first attempts at lithography.

Having mastered the techniques of lithography, Daumier began his artistic career by producing plates for music publishers, and illustrations for advertisements. This was followed by anonymous work for publishers, in which he emulated the style of Charlet and displayed considerable enthusiasm for the Napoleonic legend. Daumier was almost blind by 1873.

Published works
Bust of Daumier by Geoffroy-Dechaume

When, during the reign of Louis Philippe, Charles Philipon launched the comic journal, La Caricature, Daumier joined its staff, which included such powerful artists as Devéria, Raffet and Grandville, and started upon his pictorial campaign of satire, targeting the foibles of the bourgeoisie, the corruption of the law and the incompetence of a blundering government. His caricature of the king as Gargantua led to Daumier's imprisonment for six months at Ste Pelagic in 1832. Soon after, the publication of La Caricature was discontinued, but Philipon provided a new field for Daumier's activity when he founded the Le Charivari.

Daumier produced his social caricatures for Le Charivari, in which he held bourgeois society up to ridicule in the figure of Robert Macaire, hero of a popular melodrama. In another series, L'histoire ancienne, he took aim at the constraining pseudo-classicism of the art of the period. In 1848 Daumier embarked again on his political campaign, still in the service of Le Charivari, which he left in 1860 and rejoined in 1864.

Sculptures

Daumier was not only a prolific lithographer, draftsman and painter, but he also produced a notable number of sculptures in unbaked clay. In order to save these rare specimen from destruction, some of these busts were reproduced first in plaster. Bronze sculptures were posthumously produced from the plaster. The major 20th century foundries were Rudier and Valsuani.

Paintings

In addition to his prodigious activity in the field of caricature — the list of Daumier's lithographed plates compiled in 1904 numbers no fewer than 3,958 — he also painted. Except for the searching truthfulness of his vision and the powerful directness of his brushwork, it would be difficult to recognize the creator of Robert Macaire, of Les Bas bleus, Les Bohémiens de Paris, and the Masques, in the paintings of Christ and His Apostles (Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam), or in his Good Samaritan, Don Quixote and Sancho Panza, Christ Mocked, or even in the sketches in the Ionides Collection at South Kensington.

As a painter, Daumier, one of the pioneers of naturalism, did not meet with success until a year before his death in 1878, when M. Durand-Ruel collected his works for exhibition at his galleries and demonstrated the range of the talent of the man who has been called the "Michelangelo of caricature". At the time of the exhibition, Daumier was blind and living in a cottage at Valmondois, which Corot placed at his disposal. It was there that he died.

Legacy

Baudelaire noted of him: l'un des hommes les plus importants, je ne dirai pas seulement de la caricature, mais encore de l'art moderne. (One of the most important men, I will not say only of caricature, but also of modern art.)

An exhibition of his works was held at the École des Beaux-Arts in 1901.

Today, Daumier's works are found in many of the world's leading art museums, including the Louvre, the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Rijksmuseum. He is celebrated for a range of works, including a large number of paintings (29) and drawings (49) depicting the life of Don Quijote, a theme that fascinated him for the last part of his life.

Daumier's 200th birthday was celebrated in 2008 with a number of exhibitions in Asia, America, Australia and Europe.

Notes

1. ^ Honoré Daumier: A Finger on the Pulse
2. ^ Rey, page 10.


References

* Rey, Robert, Honoré Daumier, Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 8109-0064-5
* This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (Eleventh ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/ ", Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License

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