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Camille Pissarro

Paintings

A Corner of the Meadow at Eragny

A Cowherd at Valhermeil, Auvers-sur-Oise

A Creek in Saint Thomas, Antilles

A Creek in St. Thomas (Virgin Islands)

A Field in Varengeville

A Meadow in Eragny

A Meadow in Moret

A Path in the Woods, Pontoise

A Peasant in the Lane at the Hermitage, Pontoise

A Square in La Roche-Guyon

A Street in Pontoise

A Street in the Hermitage, Pontoise

A Village through the Trees

After the Rain, Autumn, Eragny

Afternoon, Sun, Rouen

Afternoon, Sun, the Inner Harbor, Dieppe

Afternoon, the Dunquesne Basin, Dieppe, Low Tide

All Saints' Church, Beulah Hill

All Saints' Church, Upper Norwood

An Apple Tree at Eragny

Apple Blossoms, Eragny

Apple Gatherers

Apple Picker (Study)

Apple Pickers, Eragny

Apple Picking

Apple Picking

Apple Tree at Eragny

Apple Tree in the Meadow, Eragny

Apple Trees at Eragny

Apple Trees at Eragny

Apple Trees at Pontoise, the House of Pere Galien

Apple Trees in a Field

Apple Trees, Sunset, Eragny

Apples Trees at Pontoise

Autumn Landscape, near Pontoise

Autumn Morning at Eragny

Autumn, Montfoucault Pond

Autumn, Path through the Woods

Autunm in Eragny

Avenue de l'Opera - Morning Sunshine

Avenue de l'Opera - Snow Effect

Avenue de l'Opera - Snow Morning

Avenue de l'Opera - Snow Morning

Avenue de l'Opera - Sunshine Winter Morning

Avenue de l'Opera, Place du Thretre Francais - Misty Weather


Avenue de l' Opera


Avenue de l' Opera, Paris in the rain

Bananeros

Banks of a River with Barge

Banks of the Oise at Auvers-sur-Oise

Banks of the Oise at Pontoise

Banks of the Oise

Banks of the Oise

Banks of the Oise

Banks of the River, Pontoise

Barges at Le Roche Guyon

Barges at Pontoise

Bather in the Woods

Bather with Geese

Bather

Bather

Bather

Bathers (Study)

Bathers Seated on the Banks of a River

Bathers Tending Geese

Bathers

Bathers

Bathers

Bathers

Bathers

Bathing Goose Maidens

Bathing with Geese

Berford Park, Bath Road, London

Berneval Meadows, Morning

Big Nut-Tree at Eragny

Big Nut-Tree on the Meadow, Eragny

Big Nut-Tree, the Frost at Eragny

Boats at Dock

Boats, Sunset, Rouen

Boulevard de Clichy, Winter, Sunlight Effect

Boulevard des Batignolles

Boulevard des Italiens - Afternoon

Boulevard des Italiens - Morning, Sunlight

Boulevard Montmartre - Afternoon, in the Rain


Peasant woman


Peasant with wheelbarrow


View of Louveciennes


Boulevard Montmartre


Boulevard Montmartre , Spring


Boulevard Montmartre at night


The path


The Red Roofs


Entrance to the village of Voisins


Harvest


Shrove Tuesday on the Boulevard Montmartre


Grey day on the banks of the Oise at Pontoise


Haymaking at Eragny


lumberjack


Chestnut Trees in Louveciennes


Children on a farm


Small bridge of Pontoise


Cow shepherdess


La Varenne -de- Saint -Hilaire


Landscape at Pontoise


Landscape with large trees


Landscape with flooded fields


Le Pont -Neuf


Loviciennes , The Road To Versailles


March sun


Orchard with flowering trees


Park in Pontoise


Place du Théâtre Français in Paris


Pontoise, the Côte des Boeuf at the Hermitage


Portrait of Félix


Stagecoach to Ennery


Stagecoach of Louveciennes


Rouen , Rue de l' Épicerie


Snow in Louveciennes


Self-portrait


Self-portrait


Self-portrait


Road


Street in Pontoise ( Rue de Gisors )


Road from Louveciennes


Towpath


Wash area of Pontoise

Afternoon Sunshine, Pont Neuf

Fair on a Sunny Afternoon, Dieppe

Landscape (Orchard)

L'Ile Lacroix, Rouen (The Effect of Fog)

Quai Napoleon, Rouen

Summer Landscape, Eragny

The Field and the Great Walnut Tree in Winter, Eragny

Vegetable Garden, Overcast Morning, Eragny

Hay Harvest at Eragny

The Harvest

Two Women Chatting By The Sea, St. Thomas

Washerwoman, Study

Drawings


View of La Varenne


Self-portrait


Illustrations


Bather


Farmer butter churning


The parliament building in London



The geese shepherdess



Woman emptying a wheelbarrow



Hay -bearing women



Church and farm at Eragny


Market in Gisors


Market of St. Martin in Pontoise


Place du Havre in Paris


Portrait of Paul Cézanne


Rue Saint- Lazare in Paris


Self-portrait


Forest Landscape at Pontoise


Forest path at Pontoise


Forest path at Pontoise

 

Camille Pissarro (10 July 1830 – 13 November 1903) was a French-Danish Impressionist painter born in the Danish West Indies into a family of French descent. Later he travelled to Europe, working in both Paris and London. His importance resides not only in his visual contributions to Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, but also in his patriarchal standing among his colleagues, particularly Paul Cézanne and Paul Gauguin.

Biography

Early life and career

Jacob-Abraham-Camille Pissarro[1] was born at Charlotte Amalie in the Danish West Indies (since 1917 the US Virgin Islands), a colony in the Danish Colonial Empire.[2] His parents were Abraham Gabriel Pissarro, a Portuguese Sephardic Jew, and Rachel Manzano-Pomié, from the Dominican Republic. Pissarro lived in St. Thomas until age 12, when he went to a boarding school in Paris. He returned to St. Thomas, where he drew in his free time. Pissarro was attracted to anarchism, an attraction that may have originated during his years in St. Thomas.

In 1849 he met Fritz Melbye a Danish painter who had recently arrived on the islands from Copenhagen where he had trained to become a marine artist under his brother Anton Melbye. Melbye inspired the young Pissarro to take on painting as a full-time profession, and also became his teacher and close friend. In 1852 the two painters traveled to Venezuela where they stayed together until 1855 when Pissarro returned to St. Thomas and, the same year, continued to Paris.[3]

In France

In Paris he studied at various academic institutions (including the École des Beaux-Arts and Académie Suisse) and under a succession of masters such as Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Gustave Courbet, and Charles-François Daubigny. Corot is sometimes considered Pissarro's most important early influence; Pissarro listed himself as Corot’s pupil in the catalogues to the 1864 and 1865 Paris Salons.[4]

Pissarro married Julie Vellay, a maid in his mother's household. Of their eight children, one died at birth and one daughter died at age nine. The surviving children all painted, and Lucien, the oldest son, became a follower of William Morris.

The London years

The Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71 compelled Pissarro to flee his home in Louveciennes in September 1870; he returned in June 1871 to find that the house, and along with it many of his early paintings, had been destroyed by Prussian soldiers.[5] Initially his family was taken in by a fellow artist in Montfoucault, but by December 1870 they had taken refuge in London and settled at Westow Hill in Upper Norwood (today better known as Crystal Palace). A Blue Plaque now marks the site of the house on the building at 77a Westow Hill.

Through the paintings Pissarro completed at this time, he records Sydenham and the Norwoods at a time when they were just recently connected by railways, but prior to the expansion of suburbia. One of the largest of these paintings is a view of St. Bartholomew's Church at Lawrie Park Avenue, commonly known as The Avenue, Sydenham, in the collection of the London National Gallery. Twelve oil paintings date from his stay in Upper Norwood and are listed and illustrated in the catalogue raisonné prepared jointly by his fifth child Ludovic-Rodolphe Pissarro and Lionello Venturi and published in 1939. These paintings include Norwood Under the Snow, and Lordship Lane Station,[6] views of The Crystal Palace relocated from Hyde Park, Dulwich College, Sydenham Hill, All Saints Church, and a lost painting of St. Stephen's Church.

Whilst in Upper Norwood Pissarro was introduced to the art dealer Paul Durand-Ruel, who bought two of his 'London' paintings. Durand-Ruel subsequently became the most important art dealer of the new school of French Impressionism.

Returning to France, in 1890 Pissarro again visited England and painted some ten scenes of central London. He came back again in 1892, painting in Kew Gardens and Kew Green, and also in 1897, when he produced several oils of Bedford Park, Chiswick. For more details of his British visits, see Nicholas Reed, "Camille Pissarro at Crystal Palace" and "Pissarro in West London", published by Lilburne Press.

Art and legacy

His finest early works (See Jalais Hill, Pontoise, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)[7] are characterized by a broadly painted (sometimes with palette knife) naturalism derived from Courbet, but with an incipient Impressionist palette.

Pissarro painted rural and urban French life, particularly landscapes in and around Pontoise, as well as scenes from Montmartre. His mature work displays an empathy for peasants and laborers, and sometimes evidences his radical political leanings. He was a mentor to Paul Cézanne and Paul Gauguin and his example inspired many younger artists, including Californian Impressionist Lucy Bacon.

Pissarro's influence on his fellow Impressionists is probably still underestimated; not only did he offer substantial contributions to Impressionist theory, but he also managed to remain on friendly, mutually respectful terms with such difficult personalities as Edgar Degas, Cézanne and Gauguin. Pissarro exhibited at all eight of the Impressionist exhibitions. Moreover, whereas Monet was the most prolific and emblematic practitioner of the Impressionist style, Pissarro was nonetheless a primary developer of Impressionist technique.

Pissarro experimented with Neo-Impressionist ideas between 1885 and 1890. Discontented with what he referred to as "romantic Impressionism," he investigated Pointillism which he called "scientific Impressionism" before returning to a purer Impressionism in the last decade of his life.

In March 1893, in Paris, Gallery Durand-Ruel organized a major exhibition of 46 of Pissarro's works along with 55 others by Antonio de La Gandara. But while the critics acclaimed Gandara, their appraisal of Pissarro's art was less enthusiastic.

Pissarro died in Paris on 13 November 1903 and was buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery.[2]

During his lifetime, Camille Pissarro sold few of his paintings. By 2005, however, some of his works were selling in the range of U.S. $2 to 4 million.[8]

Descendants and family

Camille's granddaughter (Lucien Pissarro's daughter) Orovida Pissarro became a painter. Camille's great-grandson, Joachim Pissarro, is former Head Curator of Drawing and Painting at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City and is now a professor in Hunter College's Art Department.[9] His great-granddaughter, Lélia, is a painter and resides in London. From the only daughter of Camille, Jeanne Pissarro, other painters include Henri Bonin-Pissarro also known as BOPI (1918–2003) and Claude Bonin-Pissarro (born 1921), who is the father of Abstract artist Frédéric Bonin-Pissarro (born 1964).

Resources

Notes

1. ^ Wold Eiermann, "Camille Pissarro 1830–1903," in Christoph Becker, Camille Picasso (Hatje Cantz: Ostfildern-Ruit, 1999), 1.
2. ^ a b Hamilton, George Heard (1976). "Pissarro, Camille". In William D. Halsey. Collier's Encyclopedia. 19. New York: Macmillan Educational Corporation. p. 83.
3. ^ "Exhibition". St. Thomas Synagogue. http://www.pissarro.vi/exhibition.htm. Retrieved 2010-10-05.
4. ^ Pissarro Exhibition PowerPoint with sound
5. ^ Pissarro, Joachim, Cézanne & Pissarro 1865–1885, page 233. The Museum of Modern Art, New York, 2005.
6. ^ artchive.com entry for Pissarro Lordship Lane
7. ^ http://www.metmuseum.org/Works_of_Art/print/viewOnePrint.asp?item=51.30.2&dep=11&viewMode=1&section=description
8. ^ Waltzer, Stewart. "Artnet Auction Report". http://www.artnet.com/Magazine/news/waltzer/waltzer5-9-00.asp.
9. ^ "MOMA names two curators - Artworld - Ann Temkin and Joachim Pissarro - Brief Article". Art in America, Nov, 2003. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1248/is_11_91/ai_110963203. [dead link]

Primary sources

* Rewald, John, ed., with the assistance of Lucien Pissarro: Camille Pissarro, Lettres à son fils Lucien, Editions Albin Michel, Paris 1950; previously published, translated to English: Camille Pissarro, Letters to his son Lucien, New York 1943 & London 1944; 3rd revised edition, Paul P Appel Publishers, 1972 ISBN 0-911858-22-9
* Bailly-Herzberg, Janine, ed.: Correspondance de Camille Pissarro, 5 volumes, Presses Universitaires de France, Paris, 1980 & Editions du Valhermeil, Paris, 1986–1991 ISBN 2-13-036694-5 - ISBN 2-905684-05-4 - ISBN 2-905684-09-7 - ISBN 2-905684-17-8 - ISBN 2-905684-35-6
* Thorold, Anne, ed.: The letters of Lucien to Camille Pissarro 1883–1903, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York & Oakleigh, 1993 ISBN 0-521-39034-6

Further reading

* Clement, Russell T. and Houze, Annick, Neo-Impressionist Painters: A Sourcebook on Georges Seurat, Camille Pissarro, Paul Signac, Theo Van Rysselberghe, Henri Edmond Cross, Charles Angrand, Maximilien Luce, and Albert Dubois-Pillet (1999), Greenwood Press, ISBN 0-313-30382-7
* Eitner, Lorenz, An Outline of 19th Century European Painting: From David through Cézanne (1992), HarperCollins Publishers, ISBN 0-06-430223-7
* Nochlin, Linda, The Politics of Vision: Essays on Nineteenth-Century Art and Society (1991) Westview Press, ISBN 0-06-430187-7
* Rewald, John, The History of Impressionism (1961), Museum of Modern Art, ISBN 0-8109-6035-4
* Stone, Irving, Depths of Glory (1987), Signet, ISBN 0-451-14602-6

Critical Catalogue of Paintings

In June 2006 publishers Skira/Wildenstein released Pissarro: Critical Catalogue of Paintings, compiled by Joachim Pissarro (descendant of the painter) and Claire Durand-Ruel Snollaerts (descendant of the French art dealer Paul Durand-Ruel). The 1,500-page, three-volume work is the most comprehensive collection of Pissarro paintings to date, and contains accompanying images of drawings and studies, as well as photographs of Pissarro and his family that have not previously been published. ISBN 88-7624-525-1

From Wikipedia. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License

 

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